A protein skimmer is a device used mostly in marine aquariums that generates a column of bubbles that waste from the tank will stick to and rise to the top of the tank then deposit these pollutants into the collection cup where they can be removed and disposed of. This aids in water quality and keeping waste buildup from forming on the walls of your tank. The size of the protein skimmer you need to purchase will depend how large your tank is and how much your budget allows. Some enthusiasts recommend to purchase a skimmer that is slightly larger than what your tank requires. They claim this will save you on maintenance and keep your skimmer working properly for a longer period of time while keeping your aquarium water at the highest quality possible.
Here is a brief description of different types of protein skimmers.
Co-Current Skimmer: This type is best for small systems between (20-30 gal). They are considered to be the cheapest and most unreliable skimmer. They are prone to the air stone getting clogged overtime which will damage the pump if left unchecked.
Counter-Current Skimmer: More efficient than the Co-Current skimmer. Water enters the top of the skimmer while air enters the bottom, while they pass one another the pollutants of the water stick to the bubbles and flow into the collection cup while the water continues back into the tank.
Venturi Skimmer: This skimmer creates a high-pressure jet of water with an air valve, using the pressure to draw in air with the water. They are very efficient but can require a somewhat pricey pump to keep it going.
Turbo (Needle Wheel) Skimmer: The most expensive and considered to be the most efficient skimmer. They use a small wheel to whip the air into a bubbly froth creating a thick column of small bubbles that pulls the pollutants out of the water and into the cup.
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